The borderline intelligence or intellectual functioning limit of having an intelligence quotient (IQ) between 71 and 85, slightly less than average, but not involving mental retardation. Catch it early is essential for students to receive the care they need and pace of learning is not altered. As explained below, a recent study analyzes this reality and presents proposals to promote the social inclusion of those affected, as well as access to a more independent life.
Three features common to people with borderline intelligence
The deadline Intelligence is not a disease but a disorder involving "certain limitations in mental functioning and using skills such as communication, self-care and social skills". This defines the Bethlehem Foundation, which provides information on educational and health issues, among others. These limitations affect students because they delay their pace of learning and development. "Children with borderline intelligence may need more time to learn to talk, walk, personal care such as dressing or eating," the Foundation.
To do this, the study proposes a set of keys that facilitate the task of recognizing students with borderline intelligence. Thus, the following are highlighted:
- Difficulties from the beginning of the course. "Often, it is the beginning of schooling when the limitations of the child are confirmed," he stressed. As the course progresses, the difficulties are increased by the requirement level of education and no less small solution strategies, which can lead to not successfully complete the academic year, if not remedied from the start. "The beginning of secondary education (ESO) it constitutes another key moment problem detection" is required. Almost a quarter of households surveyed for the study indicated that school children, their problems began in the early grades of primary education. Problems in ESO include the difficulty of learning, lack of support, the change in methodology as well as the treatment of teachers and peers, among others.
- Dissatisfaction with teachers and peers. Although most students with borderline intelligence keep good memories of your school years, four in ten say that during the years of students their level of satisfaction was high (around 40%) and almost the same proportion (41.80%), parents say that their children keep a bad memory motivated by the curriculum and dealing with peers. In fact, over 40% of people with borderline intelligence surveyed for the preparation of the research said they would change their treatment by peers and teachers. During the school years, students missed him more attention and support from teachers as well as the respect of peers.
- Suspended and grade repetition. The failure and dropout are common among students with limited intelligence. Nearly two out of ten repeat or drop out before completing 16 years and six out of ten do not finish ESO. Those who do pass this stage reveal great difficulties "partially fulfilling the objectives of the educational stage".
Needs of students with limited intelligence
The learning process requires tailored to the peculiarities of people with borderline intelligence, but in turn, it is equally important to ensure a safe environment for students with this problem. The lack of care or inadequate care by teachers and teasing and behavior of peers, causing serious problems for affected children, sometimes even change schools to find a solution.
- Academic changes. First, it is estimated that the school has to adapt content to students, change the methodology or the evaluation form. In addition, parents claim that the needs of social integration, support teachers are increased are met, it will help improve relationships with peers and teachers and curriculum suits. Regarding the latter, it is considered that should rethink what is the most appropriate curriculum, as it is the main source of dissatisfaction for 73.68% of people with borderline intelligence.
- Early attention. The sooner the borderline intelligence is detected, before attention will be given and its consequences will be offset. "A very small percentage of children with borderline intelligence received early attention in the first three years of life," says the study. A direct consequence of this is the change of school, with the idea that a new environment, new teachers and new classmates help to academic success. Only 26% of surveyed people with borderline intelligence received early attention in the first three years of life and 42% college changed due to the need for larger and more specialized support.
- Improve treatment with peers. Nearly a third of people with borderline intelligence recalls the relationship with peers as a difficult experience and source of dissatisfaction. Some even claim that they had no friends at school and three in ten say they had wanted to change school for this reason. Especially recess represents a critical moment, as some children no fun in it or because of the lack of supervision, harassment, ridicule, isolation and marginalization are recorded.
- Caring passage Secondary Education. This moment is key, but each time it changes from year students require special attention is switching to High the aspect that should be taken into account. "The difficulty of learning, lack of support, the major change involved in methodology, teachers and peers" are some of the reasons that students reported as more problematic
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